American Petroleum Institute (API)
The American Petroleum Institute (API) is an associated organization of various industries in the United States engaged in petroleum and natural gas. API currently has distributed more than 200,000 technical pieces standards to all over the world. The purpose of these standards is to help its users in an effort to increase efficiency and savings in the operation of their businesses, by still referring to legislation, safeguarding the safety and health of the community, and not forgetting to preserve the environment. In addition to producing standards, codes and implementation guidelines relating to piping, tanks, vessels, and equipment in the oil and gas industry, the APL also provides instructions on maintenance matters, inspections of equipment that is working, evaluating components is experiencing a decline in ability, also referred to as “fitness-for-service” or “for-purpose fitness.” Although it is recognized that most documents produced by the API are for consumption in the oil and natural gas industries, many standards Relevant API and can be used for the petrochemical industry in general.
Some API Standards that are often used in Engineering are as follows:
5L Specification for Line Pipe
510 Fired Heater Tubes
520 Sizing, Selection, and Installation of Pressure-Relieving Devices in Refineries.
526 Flanged Steel Pressure Relief valves
560 Fired Heaters for General Refinery Service
570 Piping Inspection Code: Inspection, Repair, Alterations, and Rerating of In-Service Piping Systems
574 Inspection of Piping, Tubing, Valves, and Fittings
577 Welding Inspection
594 Check Valves: Flanged, Lug, Wafer, and Buttwelding
598 Valve Inspection and Testing.
602 Compact Steel Gate Valves-Flanged, Threaded Welding and Extended Body End.
603 Corrosion Resistant Gate Valves
606 Compact Steel Gate Valve, Extended Body
607 Testing of Valves – Fire Type-testing Requirement
608 Metal Ball Valves, Flanged, and Butt-Welding end.
609 Butterfly Valves: Double Flanged, Lug and Water-type.
610 Centrifugal Pumps for Petroleum, Petrochemical and Natural Gas industries
611 General Purpose Steam Turbines for Refinery Service
612 Petroleum, Petrochemical and Natural Gas industries -Steam Turbines – Special Purpose Applications
616 Gas Turbines for the Petroleum, Chemical, And Gas Industry Services.
617 Centrifugal Compressors for Petroleum, Chemical, and Gas Service industries.
618 Reciprocating Compressors for Petroleum, Chemical, and Gas Industries.
619 Rotary type positive displacement Compressors for Petroleum, Chemical and Gas Industry.
620 Design and Construction of Large, Welded, Low-Pressure Storage Tank
650 Welded Steel Tanks for Oil Storage.
651 Cathodic Protection of Aboveground Storage Tank
661 Air-Cooled Heat Exchangers for General Refinery Service.
662 Plate Heat Exchangers for General Refinery Services.
674 Positive Displacement Pumps — Reciprocating
675 Positive Displacement Pumps — Controlled Volume
676 Positive Displacement Pumps – Rotary
686 Machinery Installation and Installation Design
ASME CODE
B16.1 Cast Iron Pipe Flanges
B16.3 Valve-Flanged, Threaded, and Welded
B16.4 Cast lron Threaded Piping
B16.5 Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings, NPS 1/2 – NPS 24.
B16.9 Factory made wrought steel buttwelding fittings
B16.10 Face to Face and End to End Dimension of Valves
B16.11 Socket-Welding and Threaded Forged Steel Fittings
B16.l2 Cast lron threaded drainage fittings
B16.14 Ferrous Pipe plug, bushings and locknuts with pipe Thread
B16.20 Metallic Gaskets for pipe flanges — ring joint, spiral Wound, and jacketed
B16.21 Non Metallic Flat Gaskets for Pipe Flanges
B16.25 Buttwelding ends
B16.28 Wrought steel buttwelding short radius elbows and Return
B16.34 Valves, Flanged, Threaded and Welding Ends
B16.36 Orifice Flanges
B16.38 Large metallic valves for gas distribution, manually operated, NPS 2 % through l2, l25 ps_ig maximum.
B16.40 Manually operated thermoplastic gas shutofts and Valves in gas distribution systems
B16.47 Large Diameter Steel Flanges NPS 26-60
B16.48 Steel line blinds
B18.2.1 Square and Hex Bolts and Screws (inch series)
B18.2.2 Square and Hex Nuts (inch series)
B18.2.2.1 Plain Washer
B31.1 Power Piping
B31.3 Process Piping
B31.4 Liquid Transportation System for Hydrocarbons, Liquid Petroleum Gas, Anhydrous Ammonia and Alcohol.
B31.8 Gas Transmission and Distribution Systems
B36.10 Welded and Seamless Wrought Steel Pipe
B36.19 Stainless Steel Pipe